litaba

Phuputso e fumane hore sehlopheng sa lilemo tsa 50 le ho feta, maemo a tlaase a moruo a ne a amahanngoa haholo le kotsi e eketsehileng ea ho tepella maikutlong; Har'a bona, ho kenya letsoho ho fokolang mesebetsing ea sechaba le ho jeoa ke bolutu ho phetha karolo ea ho kena lipakeng mokhatlong oa sesosa pakeng tsa tse peli. Liphetho tsa lipatlisiso li senola ka lekhetlo la pele mokhoa oa ts'ebetso lipakeng tsa lintlha tsa boits'oaro ba kelello le maemo a moruo le kotsi ea ho tepella maikutlong ho batho ba tsofetseng, le ho fana ka ts'ehetso ea bohlokoa ea bopaki ba mahlale bakeng sa ho theha mehato e felletseng ea bophelo bo botle ba kelello ho batho ba tsofetseng, ho felisoa ha maemo a bophelo bo botle ba sechaba, le ho potlakisa ho phethahala ha lipheo tsa botsofali lefatšeng ka bophara.

Ho tepella maikutlo ke bothata bo ka sehloohong ba bophelo bo botle ba kelello bo tlatsetsang moroalo oa lefats'e oa maloetse le sesosa se ka sehloohong sa lefu har'a mathata a bophelo bo botle ba kelello. The Comprehensive Action Plan for Mental Health 2013-2030, e amohetsoeng ke WHO ka 2013, e totobatsa mehato ea bohlokoa ea ho fana ka mehato e nepahetseng bakeng sa batho ba nang le mathata a kelello, ho akarelletsa le ba nang le khatello ea maikutlo. Khatello ea maikutlo e atile har’a batho ba hōlileng, empa haholo-holo ha e hlahlojoe ebile ha e alafshoe. Liphuputso li fumane hore ho tepella maikutlong botsofaling ho amahanngoa haholo le ho fokotseha ha kelello le kotsi ea lefu la pelo. Boemo ba moruo, ts'ebetso ea sechaba, le bolutu li 'nile tsa amahanngoa ka boithaopo le nts'etsopele ea ho tepella maikutlong, empa liphello tsa bona tse kopantsoeng le mekhoa e tobileng ha e hlake. Boemong ba botsofali ba lefats'e, ho na le tlhokahalo e potlakileng ea ho hlakisa lintlha tsa bophelo bo botle ba sechaba tsa ho tepella maikutlong botsofaling le mekhoa ea bona.

Boithuto bona ke boithuto bo thehiloeng ho baahi, ba linaha tse fapaneng bo sebelisa lintlha tse tsoang liphuputsong tse hlano tsa baemeli ba naha ea batho ba baholo linaheng tse 24 (tse entsoeng ho tloha ka la 15 Hlakola, 2008 ho isa la 27 Hlakola, 2019), ho kenyeletsoa Thuto ea Bophelo bo Botle le Melatise, Thuto ea Naha ea Bophelo bo Botle le ho Tsoela Mosebetsing. HRS, English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, ELSA, Survey of Health, Botsofali le ho Pholisa Europe, Phuputso ea Bophelo bo Botle, Botsofali le ho Pholisa Europe, China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS le Thuto ea Mexican ea Bophelo le Botsofali (MHAS). Phuputso e ne e kenyelletsa barupeluoa ba lilemo li 50 le ho feta qalong ba tlalehileng tlhahisoleseding mabapi le boemo ba bona ba sechaba, mesebetsi ea sechaba, le maikutlo a bolutu, le ba ileng ba buisanoa bonyane habeli; Barupeluoa ba neng ba e-na le matšoao a tepeletseng maikutlo qalong, ba neng ba haelloa ke lintlha tsa matšoao a tepeletseng maikutlo le li-covariates, le ba neng ba le sieo ba ne ba sa kenyelletsoa. Ho ipapisitsoe le lekeno la lelapa, thuto le boemo ba mosebetsi, mokhoa oa tlhahlobo ea sehlopha se ka tlase o ile oa sebelisoa ho hlalosa maemo a moruo oa sechaba e le a holimo le a tlase. Ho tepella maikutlo ho ile ha hlahlojoa ho sebelisoa Thuto ea Mexican Health and Aging (CES-D) kapa EURO-D. Kamano pakeng tsa boemo ba moruo le khatello ea maikutlo e ile ea hakanngoa ho sebelisoa mohlala oa Cox proportional hazard, 'me liphetho tse kopantsoeng tsa lipatlisiso tse hlano li ile tsa fumanoa ho sebelisoa mohlala oa liphello tse sa reroang. Phuputso ena e ile ea tsoela pele ho hlahloba liphello tse kopanetsoeng le tse kopanetsoeng tsa boemo ba moruo oa sechaba, mesebetsi ea sechaba le bolutu ka ho tepella maikutlong, 'me ea hlahloba liphello tsa lipuisano tsa mesebetsi ea sechaba le ho jeoa ke bolutu ka boemo ba moruo le ho tepella maikutlong ka ho sebelisa tlhahlobo ea causal mediation.

Ka mor'a ho latela lilemo tse 5, barupeluoa ba 20,237 ba ile ba ba le khatello ea maikutlo, ka sekhahla sa ts'oaetso ea 7.2 (95% nako ea tšepo 4.4-10.0) ka lilemo tse 100 tsa motho. Ka mor'a ho lokisoa bakeng sa lintlha tse fapa-fapaneng tse ferekanyang, tlhahlobo e fumane hore barupeluoa ba maemo a tlaase a moruo ba ne ba e-na le kotsi e kholo ea ho tepella maikutlong ha ba bapisoa le barupeluoa ba maemo a phahameng a moruo (ho kopantsoe HR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.23-1.44). Har'a litloaelano pakeng tsa maemo a sechaba le ho tepella maikutlong, ke 6.12% feela (1.14-28.45) le 5.54% (0.71-27.62) e neng e le lipakeng tsa mesebetsi ea sechaba le bolutu, ka ho latellana.

Ke tšebelisano feela lipakeng tsa maemo a moruo le bolutu e ileng ea bonoa e na le phello e kholo khatellong ea maikutlo (e kopantsoeng HR = 0.84; 0.79-0.90). Ha ho bapisoa le barupeluoa ba maemo a phahameng a moruo ba neng ba le mafolofolo sechabeng 'me ba se bolutu, barupeluoa ba boemo bo tlaase ba moruo ba neng ba sa sebetse sechabeng le ba jeoang ke bolutu ba ne ba e-na le kotsi e kholo ea ho tepella maikutlong (kakaretso HR = 2.45; 2.08-2.82).

Boikemisetso ba boiketlo ba sechaba le bolutu ke karolo e itseng feela ea likamano pakeng tsa boemo ba moruo le ho tepella maikutlong, ho fana ka maikutlo a hore ntle le mehato e lebisitseng ho itšehla thajana le ho jeoa ke bolutu, ho hlokahala mehato e meng e sebetsang ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho tepella maikutlo ho batho ba baholo. Ho feta moo, liphello tse kopantsoeng tsa boemo ba moruo, ts'ebetso ea sechaba, le bolutu li totobatsa melemo ea ho kenella ka nako e le 'ngoe e kopanetsoeng ho fokotsa moroalo oa lefats'e oa ho tepella maikutlong.